There are my questions.
1. What is different between 'acquisiton' and 'learning'?
2. What is the relationship between 'the acquired system' and 'the learned system'?
3. Why did Krashen emphasize on the 'the value of undirected pleasure reading as a source of comprehensible input'?
4. Do you agree to Krashen's opinion on 'affective filter' which is 'an imaginary barrier that prevents learners from acquiring language from the available input'? ?Why and Why not?
Here is summary for Krashen's monitor model.
ReplyDeleteHis innatist theory has had a very great influence on second language teaching.
There are 5 hypothesis like the acquisition-learning hypothesis, The monitor hypothesis, The natural order hypothesis, The input hypothesis, and The affective filter hypothesis.
1. The acquisition - learning hypothesis
There are two ways of learning second language for adult,
Acquition is just like children learn their own language which is done by unconscious way.
Learning is conscious process of learning rules and form.
Acquisition is more important process based on his theory.
2. The monitor hypothesis
Monitor is focus on correcting / rules / forms rather than speaking.
Therefore, writing is more conducive rather than speaking
3. The natural order hypothesis ; skipped
4. The input hypothesis
Comprehensible input only one way of acquiring language. he emphasized the value of undirected pleasure reading as a surce of comprehensible input. some people are less successful in the secon language.
5. The affective filter hypothesis
It is imaginary barrier which prevents learners from acquiring lanugange.
The filter will be up when the learner is stressed, self conscious, unmotivated.
on the other hand, it will be down when the learner is relaxed and motivated.
His writing is strongly supporting the communicative language teaching (CLT), which more focus on communicative lanugage teaching rather than teaching rules, forms. It is also a little doubt to the teachers and learners.
Please refer to the below key words for Krashen's monitor model
ReplyDelete1. Acquisition - Pick up the language with no conscious attention to language form. such as children pick up their first language
2. Learning - Conscious process of study and attention to form and rule learning. Focusing their attention on what they want to say nire than on how they are saying it.
3. Monitor - learners use the monitor only when they are focused more on being "correct" than on what they have to say
4. Comprehensible input - If the input contains forms and structures just beyond the learner's current level of competence in the language, then both comprehension and acquisition will occur.
5. Affective filter - imaginary barrier which prevents learners form acquiring language from the available input.
6. Affect - Motives, needs, attitudes and emotional states.
7. Communicative language teaching - With its primary focus on using language for meaningful interaction and for accomplishing tasks, rather than on learning rules, has won support from many teachers and learners